To make sense of the world it is necessary to organize incoming sensations into information which is meaningful. While Nancy screams, Krueger kills Nancy's mother before pulling her body through a mirror and disappearing. Three, four, we've been there before. For myoelectric users, the device was used for grasping just 40 percent of the time. Pathological visual illusions usually occur throughout the visual field, suggesting global excitability or sensitivity alterations. Such low-tech activity prostheses and body-powered prostheses perform astonishingly well, for a tiny fraction of the cost of bionic hands. Gabriela Hasbun. According to Schweitzer, body-powered prostheses are Craven's original characterization of Freddy as a child molester was used because if Freddy killed children, as in the original, it would have been easy for the teenage characters to figure out using the Internet what had happened. Bayer recognized that Craven attempted to put more meaning into his films and that the character of Freddy Krueger affected the lives of a generation of people. Releasing ourselves from the bionic-hand arms race can open up the possibilities of more functional designs that are more useful and affordable, and might help us bring our prosthetic aspirations back down to earth. Eventually, they decided to use Craven's original storyline but tried to create a scarier film. The DVD's only feature is a featurette, "Freddy Krueger Reborn". [20] Haley also said that he was apprehensive about taking on the role of a character with such a dark pastthat of a child murdererfor about a "minute and a half". [65][66] When comparing its opening weekends to other slasher films and horror remakes, A Nightmare on Elm Street sits in fifth spots for both categories. Many of the aphorisms used in the series are [37][38], According to Fuller and Form, Warner Bros. suggested A Nightmare on Elm Street be released in 3D because of the increased box office revenue of recent 3D films. Checker version with horizontal and vertical central symmetry, Combination of a Caf wall illusion and a horizontal Peripheral drift illusion, whichever is apparent depends on image size. My Nightmare on Elm Street, The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A_Nightmare_on_Elm_Street_(2010_film)&oldid=1125079355, A Nightmare on Elm Street (franchise) films, Short description is different from Wikidata, Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, "It's definitely not a standard slasher film. His first assignment was working on the IBM 7030. Yoon Mo Jung and Jackie (Jianhong) Shen (2014), arXiv:1406.1265. Again, it started and stopped with the code editor failed and the redeemed successfully message. under visual hallucinations. Britt H. Young is a writer and geographer based in Berkeley, Calif. The research was conducted while Spiers was a research scientist at Yale Universitys GRAB Lab, headed by Aaron Dollar. Just as it perceives color and brightness constancies, the brain has the ability to understand familiar objects as having a consistent shape or size. Nancy and Quentin eventually make it to the preschool and uncover Krueger's hidden room to find proof of his crimes; they realize that Krueger, now a vengeful ghost, wants revenge on them for disclosing his abuse. Project Guide Submitted By [19] Initially, the studio wanted to cast an unknown for the role of Freddy Krueger, but it was Haley's performance in Little Children that impressed Emmerich enough to cast the actor against the original intentions. Despite this, it grossed over $63 million at the domestic box office and over $117 million worldwide, making it the highest-grossing film in the franchise. [4] Physical illusions are caused by the physical environment, e.g. The cloudy contact lens made it difficult for the actor to see. [51] Ultimately, the film finished its opening with $32,902,299, placing first for the weekend ahead of How to Train Your Dragon (6th week in release), Date Night (4th week in release), The Back-up Plan (2nd week in release), and Furry Vengeance (1st week in release). Limb loss in the general population dwarfs those figures. The representation of distant objects near the horizon is less "adequate". [47], The Spinning Dancer appears to move both clockwise and counter-clockwise. More than 1,000 years later, Aristotles ideas resonated with artists and thinkers of the Renaissance. AJOG's Editors have active research programs and, on occasion, publish work in the Journal. [6] Understanding how this specifically occurs in the brain may help in understanding how visual distortions, beyond imaginary hallucinations, affect schizophrenic patients. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. Even beyond prosthetics, he says, manipulation studies in nonhuman primate research and robotics are overwhelmingly concerned with grasping: Anything that isnt grasping is just thrown away., TRS makes a wide variety of body-powered prosthetic attachments for different hobbies and sports. This three-day course helps engineers, developers and managers successfully apply IEC 61508 to their safety-related electrical systems. Weve been promised a breakthrough in prosthetic technology for the better part of 100 years now. The "Shepard's table" illusion[27] is an example of an illusion based on distortions in shape constancy. [59] Comparing the film to other Platinum Dunes remakes, A Nightmare on Elm Street is second in opening-weekend gross behind Friday the 13th with $40,570,365. [14], Form and Fuller explained that Freddy's physical appearance would more accurately resemble a burn victim. It is the sequel to 2003's X2, as well as the third installment in the X-Men film series, and was directed by Brett Ratner.It features an ensemble cast including Hugh Jackman, Halle Berry, Ian Build knowledge and skills to better navigate today's functional safety landscape. So what? from the effects of excessive stimulation of a specific receptor type. [4] Physiological illusions arise in the eye or the visual pathway, e.g. His meticulous studies of the tendons and muscles of the forearm and hand led him to conclude that although human ingenuity makes various inventionsit will never discover inventions more beautiful, more fitting or more direct than nature, because in her inventions nothing is lacking and nothing is superfluous.. INTRODUCTION TO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING. For Bayer, remaking A Nightmare on Elm Street was about bringing that feeling to a new generation with a new spin on the character and story. Prosthetic-hand innovation is treated like a high-stakes competition to see what is technologically possible. For, List of cast members of the Nightmare on Elm Street series, List of A Nightmare on Elm Street characters, National Entertainment Collectibles Association, A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge, A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child, "Weekend Box Office: April 30 May 2, 2010", "Nightmare on Elm Street is Go, Shooting in Spring", "A director moves onto (Nightmare on) Elm Street", "1:1 With Nightmare on Elm Street's Sam Bayer", "Craven's Elm Street Nightmare Exclusive: Original director angry over remake", "Robert Englund on Jackie Earle Haley and the 'Nightmare' Remake! Bally Sports RSNs Seek Emancipation From Sinclair Amid Parent's 'Strained Relationship' With Sports Leagues Former NBC Sports and ESPN executive David Preschlack will now head Diamond Sports Group, the subsidiary that manages the RSNs, as creditors reportedly grow concerned about the 'animosity' between the sports leagues and Sinclair In one of my first lectures here, I showed clips of movies and cartoons and how cool filmmakers make robot hands look, Spiers says. Those who have a checking or savings account, but also use financial alternatives like check cashing services are considered underbanked. Once a receptor is active, it inhibits adjacent receptors. This three-day course provides a comprehensive overview of the IEC 61511:2016 and ANSI/ISA 61511:2018 standards for the process industry. [64], In 2018, the remake is ninth in slasher films and eighth in horror remakes for all-time-highest-grossing films (unadjusted dollars). Haley spent approximately three hours and twenty minutes each day in the make-up chair to apply the appliances; on occasion, it would take almost four-and-a-half hours when the crew also needed to apply the prosthetic skull cap. [5] Essentially, the amputees were learning to no longer respond to sensations near what had once been their arm. [further explanation needed] In fact, it is not only the Moon that seems larger when we perceive it near the horizon. [48] When breaking the inflation-adjusted grosses down by per theater capita, the 1984 film averaged $16,585 per cinema compared to the remake's $9,874. [40] The movie soundtrack was released by WaterTower Music on April 27, 2010. A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity. Eighteenth-Century Wetware, Jessica Riskin, professor of history at Stanford University, writes, The period between the 1730s and the 1790s was one of simulation, in which mechanicians tried earnestly to collapse the gap between animate and artificial machinery. This period saw significant changes in the design of prosthetic limbs. Consumer products Defence. Quentin awakens and uses the adrenaline to wake Nancy, who then pulls Krueger into reality. The study, published last year in IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics, included several varieties of myoelectric hands as well as body-powered systems, which use movements of the shoulder, chest, and upper arm transferred through a cable to mechanically operate a gripper at the end of a prosthesis. But are we making real progress? Thanks; it was interesting to get the perspective from the user. The training course will cover functional safety standards and concepts related to the EU Machinery Directive, including ISO 13849, Safety of Machinery - Safety-Related Parts of Control Systems; IEC 61800-5-2, Adjustable Speed Electrical Power Drive Systems - Part 5-2: Safety Requirements - Functional; and IEC 62061, Safety of Machinery - Functional Safety of Safety-Related Electrical, Electronic and Programmable Electronic Control Systems. Pinna-Brelstaff illusion: the two circles seem to move when the viewer's head is moving forwards and backwards while looking at the black dot. As her friends die, Nancy questions everyone's connection to each other, given that none of them can remember each other before their teenage years. [41] That is, as depth cues are better perceived, individuals can develop more efficient patterns of movement and interaction within the 3D environment around them. [12], Rooney Mara plays the role of Nancy Holbrook;[23] Mara was also contracted for a sequel. Similarly, the eye will compensate for color contrast depending on the color cast of the surrounding area. [46] Comparatively, the original A Nightmare on Elm Street was only released to 165 theaters at its opening on November 9, 1984 and by the end of its box office run its widest release was 380 theaters. ), Optical illusion disc which is spun displaying the illusion of motion of a man bowing and a woman curtsying to each other in a circle at the outer edge of the disc, 1833. Good form is where the perceptual system tries to fill in the blanks in order to see simple objects rather than complex objects. [34], New Line contracted with two high schools in Illinois, Elk Grove High School and John Hersey High School, to shoot scenes for the remake. What everyone involved wants to do is re-invent the character for a new generation. As a result of their insomnia, Nancy and Quentin have sporadic microsleeps and become hypnagogic, causing them to dream and hallucinate randomly. Disabled people are still not the arbiters of prosthetic standards; we are still not at the heart of design. Illusions come in a wide variety; their categorization is difficult because the underlying cause is often not clear[3] but a classification[1][4] proposed by Richard Gregory is useful as an orientation. Mr. Amit Bansal Ayush Mathur I've used for Freddy is a little rabid dog that just bites your ankle and holds on and I think Jackie brings that, with his own physicality, to the role, without ever having to work it a little bit.". Because of the positive experiences Platinum Dunes' producers had in the area, A Nightmare on Elm Street was filmed primarily in Illinois. The System/360, released in 1964, contained six processor models with 40 peripherals. "[25] Dekker explained that Jesse spends so much time trying to convince himself that Freddy is not real, that by the time he does meet Freddy face-to-face, "he's just a mess. Known as Stretch, it was the first transistorized supercomputer. There are a variety of different types of optical illusions. [2] A Nightmare on Elm Street dropped 72 percent in its second weekend, earning $9,119,389. Writing on Hands: Memory and Knowledge in Early Modern Europe, ideas about the hand evolved over the centuries. She has a master's degree in health communications from Rutgers University, in New Brunswick, N.J. Frederick P. Brooks Jr., a prolific computer scientist and longtime professor of computer science, died on 17 November at the age of 91. [50] Included in the $15 million was the $1.6 million the film made from midnight showings on Thursday night from 1,000 theaters. New York: Worth. The vast majority of people who use a prosthetic limb are unilateral amputeespeople with amputations that affect only one side of the bodyand they virtually always use their dominant fleshy hand for delicate tasks such as picking up a cup. One of the premier peer-reviewed clinical journals in general and internal medicine, Mayo Clinic Proceedings is among the most widely read and highly cited scientific publications for physicians. While the Proceedings is sponsored by Mayo Clinic, it welcomes submissions from authors worldwide, publishing articles that focus on clinical medicine and support the professional and In her 2003 article Get the job done across all heavy construction project phases faster, simpler and safer. [6] Additionally, evaluating the differences between how schizophrenic patients and unaffected individuals see illusions may enable researchers to better identify where specific illusions are processed in the visual streams. They settled on the Ryerson Steel warehouse on the west side of Chicago to film most of the scenes in which the townspeople burn Krueger alive. [13] Form later clarified that there was a fine line they did not want to cross when it came to making Freddy look like a burn victim. Citations may include links to full text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites. Are we supposed to be scared? [34], Schizophrenia, a mental disorder often marked by hallucinations, also decreases a person's ability to perceive high-order optical illusions. [25] Mara stated that her Nancy is different from the role of Nancy Thompson, performed by Heather Langenkamp, and described her character as "socially awkward and timid and really doesn't know how to connect with people". Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. [11] Bayer believes that his film paid homage to what Craven did in 1984, but did not replicate it entirely. That same year, Brooks was tasked with leading the development of a family of general-purpose systems for both commercial and scientific applications. By the late 18th century, metal was being replaced with leather, parchment, and corksofter materials that mimicked the stuff of life. [43] An online game was released in conjunction with the filmthe player attempts to keep a young girl awake using coffee, cold showers, self-mutilation, and other means, to keep her safe from Freddy. - IEEE , What Robotics Experts Think of Teslas Optimus Robot , Two Startups Are Bringing Fiber to the Processor, The EV Transition Explained: Converting Gasoline Superusers. Englund liked the idea of being able to "exploit the dreamscape" with computer-generated imagery and other technologies that did not exist when Craven made the original in 1984. By using our websites, you agree to the placement of these cookies. [14] "Perspectives and possible applications of the rubber hand and virtual hand illusion in non-invasive rehabilitation: Technological improvements and their consequences". [7] According to New Line production chief Toby Emmerich, Michael Bay advocated heavily for Bayer because he had "the ability to capture the kind of seductive and unsettling imagery that would make Nightmare feel like a fresh, visually arresting moviegoing experience. Yet for all of the studious rendering of the human hand by European masters, the hand was regarded more as an inspiration than as an object to be replicated by mere mortals. After Nancy and her mother return home from the hospital, Krueger suddenly appears in the mirror's reflection. While mechanical prostheses of the 16th century were weighed down with iron and springs, a 1732 body-powered prosthesis used a pulley system to flex a hand made of lightweight copper. Find stories, updates and expert opinion. Many in the department and beyond appreciated the fact that in a world full of academic competition and research silos, Brooks fostered a departmental culture of open collaboration and respect, says Mary C. Whitton, a retired University of North Carolina research professor. Makeup: Maria Nguyen for MAC cosmetics; Hair: Joan Laqui for Living Proof, writes Schweitzer in his prosthetic arm blog, Creating a Prosthetic Hand That Can Feel - IEEE Spectrum , Building a Super Robust Robot Hand - IEEE Spectrum , Bionic Hand Gives Amputees Sense of Touch - IEEE Spectrum , Should Right-to-Repair Laws Extend to Bionic Body Parts? Op art is a style of art that uses optical illusions to create an impression of movement, or hidden images and patterns. IEC 61508 serves as the base functional safety standard for various industries, including process, nuclear and machinery, among others. When light hits the retina, about one-tenth of a second goes by before the brain translates the signal into a visual perception of the world. Simulating the impact of a molecular decision-process on cellular phenotype and multicellular It's also a matter of time until biologic limbs can be grown. The use of perceptual organization to create meaning out of stimuli is the principle behind other well-known illusions including impossible objects. Covered in Kris' blood, Jesse runs to Nancy's house and learns that Nancy has been having nightmares about the same man Freddy Krueger. [4] A classical example for a physical distortion would be the apparent bending of a stick half immerged in water; an example for a physiological paradox is the motion aftereffect (where, despite movement, position remains unchanged). The rubber hand illusion (RHI), a multi-sensory illusion involving both visual perception and touch, has been used to study how phantom limb syndrome affects amputees over time. I don't doubt that high-tech prosthetics may be inferior to low-tech, specialized devices. Often, the prosthesis simply helps brace an object against the body to be handled by the other hand. Brooks also received the 1985 U.S. National Medal of Technology alongside his IBM colleagues Bob Evans and Erich Bloch for the development of System/360. Kicking a ball [edit | edit source] With or without hand support, standing on the prosthetic side, the amputee kicks a ball with the non-prosthetic leg to promote weight shift onto the prosthesis. Fuller said that the film is a remake of the 1984 film, but clarified that they would borrow character deaths and dream sequences from the entire series. Degree of Bachelor of technology Pathological visual illusions (distortions), In the scientific literature the term "visual illusion" is preferred because the older term gives rise to the assumption that the optics of the eye were the general cause for illusions (which is only the case for so-called. [35] Based on fMRI data, researchers concluded that this resulted from a disconnect between their systems for bottom-up processing of visual cues and top-down interpretations of those cues in the parietal cortex. The Skywayman (1920). Film animation is based on the illusion that the brain perceives a series of slightly varied images produced in rapid succession as a moving picture. [5] Producer Brad Fuller explained that they would follow the same tactic from their Friday the 13th remake and would abandon the things that had made the series less scarythe film's antagonist, Freddy Krueger, and would not be "cracking jokes" as had become a staple of his character. While working as a project manager at IBM in the 1960s, the IEEE Life Fellow led the development of the System/360 computer family. Invest in building your teams excellence with functional safety training and certification services from UL Solutions, a global safety science leader. by the optical properties of water. [46](The picture shows squares spiralling in, although they are arranged in concentric circles. Tyler Hayes, CEO of the prosthetics startup [47] The 2010 remake holds the record for widest A Nightmare on Elm Street release, beating out Freddy vs. Jason by 318 theaters. Brooks also designed Harvest, IBMs 7030 character-processing auxiliary processor. [35] In another study on the motion-induced blindness (MIB) illusion (pictured right), schizophrenic patients continued to perceive stationary visual targets even when observing distracting motion stimuli, unlike neurotypical controls, who experienced motion induced blindness. If weve decided that what makes us human is our hands, and what makes the hand unique is its ability to grasp, then the only prosthetic blueprint we have is the one attached to most peoples wrists. And yet who better to design the next great leap in technology than men remade by technology themselves? The techno-optimism of the early 20th century brought about another change in prosthetic design, says The film received generally negative reviews from critics, who criticized its writing, acting, and the film's lack of depth and empathetic characters, but praised Bayer's direction and faithfulness to the 1984 film. Today, the people who design prostheses tend to be well-intentioned engineers rather than amputees themselves. Forced perspective: the man is made to appear to be supporting the Leaning Tower of Pisa in the background. The film crew returned to the streets of Gary first in June to film a dream sequence that takes place on Elm Street and later in December to shoot some scenes in a diner. [14] The prosthetic appliances used to create Freddy's physical look were designed by Andrew Clement. Share and Support this file, thanks and also fo for my other uploads. Jesse is arrested by the police under suspicion of murdering Kris and is killed by Krueger when he falls asleep in his jail cell. [31] Some images need to be viewed in full resolution to see their effect. My 21st-century myoelectric hand seemed remarkableuntil I tried using it for some routine tasks, where it proved to be 60,000 amputations were performed) inaugurated the modern prosthetics era in the United States, thanks to federal funding and a wave of design patents filed by entrepreneurial prosthetists. For some he has been an advocate of liberal values with a critical outlook, but for the most he is someone who insulted the core values of Islam and denounced the Prophet by portraying him as a human with all the flaws and follies intact. By the mid-1700s, with the Industrial Revolution in the global north, a more mechanistic view of the world began to emerge, and the line between living things and machines began to blur. Simulating the impact of a molecular decision-process on cellular phenotype and multicellular patterns in brain tumors. And that was one of so many things I saw undone. Applicable standards covered in this training include the EU Machinery Directive; ISO 19014:2018, Earth-Moving Machinery Functional Safety Part 1: Methodology to Determine Safety-Related Parts of the Control System and Performance Requirements; and ISO 25119:2018, Tractors and Machinery for Agriculture and Forestry Safety-Related Parts of Control Systems. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. Brooks joined IBM in Poughkeepsie, N.Y., in 1957. [70] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "C+" on an A+ to F scale. Yet the pursuit of the ultimate five-digit grasp isnt necessarily the logical next step. The research also revealed little difference in use between myoelectric single-grasp devices and fancier myoelectric multiarticulated, multigrasp handsexcept that users tended to avoid hanging objects from their multigrasp hands, seemingly out of fear of breaking them. 1. Yoon Mo Jung and Jackie (Jianhong) Shen (2008), J. A pathological visual illusion is a distortion of a real external stimulus[32] and are often diffuse and persistent. Unfamiliar objects, however, do not always follow the rules of shape constancy and may change when the perspective is changed. To find out how prosthetic users live with their devices, Catch all of the days top stories and more from the team at WTAE Pittsburgh Action News 4. Its time to ask who prostheses are really for, and what we hope they will actually accomplish. These plastic and silicone attachments, which include a squishy mushroom-shaped device for push-ups, a ratcheting clamp for lifting heavy weights, and a concave fin for swimming, have helped me experience the greatest functionality I have ever gotten out of a prosthetic arm. Britt H. Young is a writer and geographer based in Berkeley, Calif. Motion aftereffect: this video produces a distortion illusion when the viewer looks away after watching it. (2014). [9], For the remake, Freddy was brought back to his darker roots and away from the comical character he had become in later A Nightmare on Elm Street sequels. [28] The special effects crew that worked on The Dark Knight and created the computer-generated images (CGI) for Two-Face, were brought in to work on the CGI for Freddy's face. More importantly, it influenced the creation of other similar prosthetics, establishing the bionic handas the military imagined itas the holy grail in prosthetics. Since then, I have donned a variety of prosthetic hands, each of them striving toward perfect fidelity of the human handsometimes at a cost of aesthetics, sometimes a cost of functionality, but always designed to mimic and replace what was missing. "[8] Bayer declined Platinum Dunes' offer twice but finally accepted after Bay emailed him and explained the kind of business opportunity it would be. [60] The film sits ahead of the other Platinum Dunes remakes, which includes The Texas Chainsaw Massacre ($28,094,014),[61] The Amityville Horror ($23,507,007),[62] and The Hitcher ($7,818,239). Quentin takes Nancy to the hospital, where he steals adrenaline to help them stay awake. Includes - First Page, Index Style, Abstract, Body, COnsclusion and Designing Methods. [38][39], The hypothesis claims that visual illusions occur because the neural circuitry in our visual system evolves, by neural learning, to a system that makes very efficient interpretations of usual 3D scenes based in the emergence of simplified models in our brain that speed up the interpretation process but give rise to optical illusions in unusual situations. And in the United States at least, there is a broken insurance system that needs fixing. This can be performed with varying levels of hand support. Checker version: the diagonal checker squares at the larger grid points make the grid appear distorted. Rifts is a multi-genre role-playing game created by Kevin Siembieda in August 1990 and published continuously by Palladium Books since then. [14] Haley's opinion of the original movie however was not a positive one. Knowing the Freddy Krueger in the remake would be even darker, Haley came quickly to the realization that he was doing a horror film and this was just a fictional character. Paying Tribute to Computer Science Pioneer Frederick Brooks, Jr. Remembering Data Compression Pioneer K. R. Rao , Remembering LED Pioneer Nick Holonyak , Paying Tribute to 1997 IEEE President Charles K. Alexander , Industrial Functional Safety Training from UL Solutions, Functional Safety Certification and Training Program | UL Solutions , The Tech Is Finally Good Enough for an Airship Revival, Xiaomis Humanoid Drummer Beats Expectations, Entangling Quantum Sensors Can Triple Accuracy. The brain makes sense of shapes and symbols putting them together like a jigsaw puzzle, formulating that which is not there to that which is believable. You can read the details below. Some reminded me of the baseball glove, which is a somewhat-similar concept. These symptoms may indicate an underlying disease state and necessitate seeing a medical practitioner. [22][23], The double-anchoring theory, a popular but recent theory of lightness illusions, states that any region belongs to one or more frameworks, created by gestalt grouping principles, and within each frame is independently anchored to both the highest luminance and the surround luminance. Continue Reading. Bionic hands seek to make disabled people whole, to have us participate in a world that is culturally two-handed. His research focused mainly on interactive computer graphics and virtual reality. [48], On Rotten Tomatoes A Nightmare on Elm Street has an approval rating of 15% based on 184 reviews, with an average rating of 3.80/10. "[77] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film 1.5/4 stars, writing: "its the Bay touch you feel in the way actors register as body count, characters go undeveloped, and sensation trumps feeling. Platinum Dunes also received a thirty percent tax break for filming in the state. Design and Fabrication of Wheel Changing Kit. A Project Report Submitted in partial fulfillment For the award of the Degree of Bachelor of technology In Department of Mechanical Engineering (Academic Session 2013-17) Project Guide Submitted By Mr. Sudhanshu Chhajed Hitesh Optical illusion is also used in film by the technique of forced perspective. The cubic texture induces a Necker-cube-like optical illusion. 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