A specific number of packets to capture is not specified. Separate multiple VLANs with commas. As you can see the options are enableor disable, The other option is to go through the GUI and choose the Policy you want to disable offload on. diag sniffer packet any "dst 8.8.8.8 and icmp" 4 l 0. The following example captures three packets of traffic from any port number or protocol and between any source and destination (a filter of. The following sniffer CLI command includes the ARP protocol in the filter which may be useful to troubleshoot a failure in the ARP resolution (for instance PC2 may be down and not responding to the FortiGate ARP requests). If you are familiar with the TCP protocol, you might notice that the packets are from the middle of a TCP connection. Does not display all fields of the IP header; it omits: 2 All of the output from 1, plus the packet payload in both hexadecimal and ASCII. dia sniffer packet any "tcp[13] & 2 != 0", Here is an example of capturing packets that match the SYN/ACK (SYNchronization / ACKnowledgement) dia sniff packet any "(src 10.1.105.3 or src 10.1.105.1) and icmp" 4 l 0, This will give you any ICMP packet that is sourced from 10.1.105.3or sourced from 10.1.105.1, So this is probably one of my most used filters. You can enable the capture-packet in the firewall policy. Type one of the following integers indicating the depth of packet headers and payloads to capture: 1 Display the packet capture timestamp, plus basic fields of the IP header: the source IP address, the destination IP address, protocol name, and destination port number. diagnose: diagnose sniffer packet Use this command to perform a packet trace on one or more network interfaces. You cannot change the interface without deleting the filter and creating a new one, unlike the other fields. 192.168.0.2.3625 -> 192.168.0.1.80: syn 2057246590, 192.168.0.1.80 -> 192.168.0.2.3625: syn 3291168205 ack 2057246591, 192.168.0.2.3625 -> 192.168.0.1.80: ack 3291168206, 192.168.0.2.3625 -> 192.168.0.1.80: psh 2057246591 ack 3291168206, 192.168.0.1.80 -> 192.168.0.2.3625: ack 2057247265, config global-dns-server remote-dns-server, config global-dns-server response-rate-limit, config global-dns-server trust-anchor-key, config global-load-balance virtual-server-pool, config load-balance real-server-ssl-profile, config load-balance reputation-black-list, config security dos dos-protection-profile, config security dos http-connection-flood-protection, config security dos http-request-flood-protection, config security dos ip-fragmentation-protection, config security dos tcp-access-flood-protection, config security dos tcp-slowdata-attack-protection, config security dos tcp-synflood-protection, config security waf heuristic-sql-xss-injection-detection, config security waf http-protocol-constraint, config security waf input-validation-policy, config security waf parameter-validation-rule, config security waf json-validation-detection, config security waf xml-validation-detection, config security waf openapi-validation-detection, config system certificate certificate_verify, config system certificate intermediate_ca, config system certificate intermediate_ca_group, config system certificate local_cert_group, execute SSL client-side session statistics, Using the FortiOS built-in packet sniffer, Packet capture can be very resource intensive. # diagnose sniffer packet any 'net 2001:db8::/32' 6 1000 l. Reply. When the filter is running, the number of captured packets increases until it reaches the Max Packet Count or you stop it. Network Security. If you omit this and the following parameters for the command, the command captures all packets on all network interfaces. To enter a range, use a dash without spaces, for example 88-90. As a result, the packet capture continues until the administrator presses Ctrl+C. Then when it egresses through port1we can see that it has NATd (source-NAT) the IP to a 23address. To minimize the performance impact on your FortiManager unit, use packet capture only during periods of minimal traffic, with a serial console CLI connection rather than a Telnet or SSH CLI connection, and be sure to stop the command when you are finished.# diag sniffer packet port1 'host 192.168..2 or host 192.168..1 and tcp port 80' 1 We described the limitations on the previous section. Packet capture on FortiAnalyzer units is similar to that of FortiGate units. When you are SSHd to the Fortigate which I usually am when running these commands, you CAN be overwhelmed by the very connection you are using. Technical Tip: Packet capture (sniffer) This article describes the built-in sniffer tool that can be used to find out the traffic traversing through different interfaces. These lines are a PuTTY timestamp and a command prompt, which are not part of the packet capture. Most of the time I spend Troubleshooting it is usually collecting packet captures, debug output, etc to send to the people blaming me for the problem. Packet capture can be very resource intensive. For example, to display UDP port 1812 traffic between 1.example.com and either 2.example.com or 3.example.com, you would enter: 'udp and port 1812 and src host 1.example.com and dst \(2.example.com or 2.example.com \)'. execute command like tcpdump # diagnose sniffer packet port15 Interface Port15 # diagnose sniffer packet any 'host xx.xx.xx.xx' # diagnose sniffer packet port15 'host xx.xx.xx.xx' # diagnose sniffer packet any 'host xx.xx.xx.xx or host yy.yy.yy.yy' # diagnose sniffer packet any 'udp port 53 or tcp port 53' # diagnose sniffer packet any . Type the name of a network interface whose packets you want to capture, such as port1, or type any to capture packets on all network interfaces. Because port 22 is used (highlighted above in bold), which is the standard port number for SSH, the packets might be from an SSH session. none indicates no filtering, and all packets are displayed as the other arguments indicate.The filter must be inside single quotes (). Surround the filter string in quotes ('). NOTE: Anything that matches this filter will be captures. If you don't put a number here, the sniffer will run until you stop it with . For troubleshooting purposes, Fortinet Technical Support may request the most verbose level (3). Type either none to capture all packets, or type a filter that specifies which protocols and port numbers that you do or do not want to capture, such as 'tcp port 25'. Use this command to perform a packet trace on one or more network interfaces. You must use a third party application, such as Wireshark, to read *,pcap files. Because the filter does not specify either host as the source or destination in the IP header (src or dst), the sniffer captures both forward and reply traffic. Enter one or more ports to capture on the selected interface. Now we will cover the sniffer command. To use fgt2eth.pl, open a command prompt, then enter a command such as the following: fgt2eth.pl -in packet_capture.txt -out packet_capture.pcap. . To do a sniff, follow the syntax below: # diagnose sniffer packet <interface> <'filter'> <level> <count> <tsformat>. A specific number of packets to capture is not specified. The following example captures all TCP port 443 (typically HTTPS) traffic occurring through port1, regardless of its source or destination IP address. Bang), dia sniffer packet any 'host 10.1.105.3 and !port 22' 4 l 0, This would capture any packet from host 10.1.105.3 except for port 22 A.K.A. Type one of the following numbers indicating the depth of packet headers and payloads to capture: For troubleshooting purposes, Fortinet Technical Support may request the most verbose level (3). This blog post is a list of common troubleshooting commands I am using on the FortiGate CLI. Packet capture can be very resource intensive. Quick-Tips are short how tos to help you out in day-to-day activities. Hover over the symbol to reveal explanatory text. Usefull Fortigate CLI commands. If you do not delete them, they could interfere with the script in the next step. To start, stop, or resume packet capture, use the symbols on the screen. Johannes Weber says: 2016 . You can right click and choose Edit in CLI, diagnose sniffer packet "" . but do not press Enter yet. Packet capture, also known as sniffing, records some or all of the packets seen by a network interface. The sniffer then confirms that five packets were seen by that network interface. FortiAnalyzer # diag sniffer port1 'tcp port 443' 3, 10.651905 192.168.0.1.50242 -> 192.168.0.2.443: syn 761714898. Home; Product Pillars. Type the number of packets to capture before stopping. diagnose sniffer packet internal " port 6060 and (ether[0x90]=23 or ether[0x90]=24 or ether[0x90]=25 or ether[0x90]=26) " Note that 0x17 = 23. To view packet capture output using PuTTY and Wireshark: On your management computer, start PuTTY. Methods may vary. For additional information on the packet sniffer utility, see the Fortinet Knowledge Base article Using the FortiOS built-in packet sniffer. To display only forward or reply packets, indicate which host is the source, and which is the destination. Use PuTTY to connect to the Fortinet appliance using either a local serial console, SSH, or Telnet connection. FGT# diagnose sniffer packet any "host or host or arp" 4. For example, 1-6, 17, 21-25. FortiAnalyzer# diag sniffer packet port1 'host 192.168.0.2 or host 192.168.0.1 and tcp port 80' 1, 192.168.0.2.3625 -> 192.168.0.1.80: syn 2057246590, 192.168.0.1.80 -> 192.168.0.2.3625: syn 3291168205 ack 2057246591, 192.168.0.2.3625 -> 192.168.0.1.80: ack 3291168206, 192.168.0.2.3625 -> 192.168.0.1.80: psh 2057246591 ack 3291168206, 192.168.0.1.80 -> 192.168.0.2.3625: ack 2057247265. A specific number of packets to capture is not specified. Commands that you would type are highlighted in bold; responses from the Fortinet unit are not in bold. If you are familiar with the TCP protocol, you may notice that the packets are from the middle of a TCP connection. The filters below find these various packets because tcp[13] looks at offset 13 in the TCP header, the number represents the location within the byte, and the !=0 means that the flag in question is set to 1, i.e. By recording packets, you can trace connection states to the exact point at which they fail, which may help you to diagnose some types of problems that are otherwise difficult to detect. FortiADC # diagnose sniffer packet port1 'host 192.168..2 or host 192.168..1 and tcp port 80' 1. Type one of the following integers indicating the depth of packet headers and payloads to capture: For troubleshooting purposes, Fortinet Technical Support may request the most verbose level (. To use packet capture, the FortiGate must have a disk. Verbose output can be very long. For additional information on packet capture, see the Fortinet Knowledge Base article Using the FortiOS built-in packet sniffer. As a result, the packet capture continues until the administrator presses Ctrl+C. See the documentation for your CLI client. In the examples above, we can see that 4is in the Rcolumn which corresponds to the RST or Reset Flag. GitHub Gist: instantly share code, notes, and snippets. Lets try the same with the dstpacket and we will use 8.8.8.8since no one in my house uses Google for DNS. I will be 100% honest with you. For additional information on the packet sniffer utility, see the Fortinet Knowledge Base article, diagnose sniffer packet [{any| } [{none| ''} [{1 | 2 | 3} []]]], Type the name of a network interface whose packets you want to capture, such as. You can also see pre and post NAT (Network Address Translation). | Terms of Service | Privacy Policy, diag sniffer packet port1 'host 192.168.0.2 or host 192.168.0.1 and tcp port 80' 1, Using the FortiOS built-in packet sniffer, otherwise: relative to the start of sniffing, ss.ms, network protocol analyzer software such as. As a result, output shown below is truncated after only one packet. Packets can arrive more rapidly than you may be able to read them in the buffer of your CLI display, and many protocols transfer data using encodings other than US-ASCII. Select this option to specify filter fields. You cannot download the output file while the filter is running. I have been in the networking and security industry for about 29 years as of this writing and I have always lived my a strict motto; and anyone that has worked with me in the past knows this well. It is usually preferable to analyze the output by loading it into in a network protocol analyzer application such as Wireshark (http://www.wireshark.org/). Finally on the third we see 18which is 16+2giving us the SYN/ACK. FortiADC-VM # diagnose sniffer packet port1 none 1 3, 0.000000 172.30.144.20.53800 -> 172.30.144.100.22: ack 202368347, 0.000000 172.30.144.100.22 -> 172.30.144.20.53800: psh 202368415 ack 2508304372, 0.000000 172.30.144.100.22 -> 172.30.144.20.53800: psh 202368531 ack 2508304372. With verbosity 4 and above, the sniffer trace displays the interface names where traffic enters or leaves the FortiGate unit. Another thing you can do is combine multiple hostcommands with anand, diag sniffer packet any "host 3.210.115.14 and host 10.1.105.3 and icmp" 4 l 0. =~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~= PuTTY log 2018-03-08.07.25 11:34:40 =~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=. For this we can use the ! Packet capture, also known as sniffing or packet analysis, records some or all of the packets seen by a network interface (that is, the network interface is used in promiscuous mode). The capture uses a low level of verbosity (indicated by 1). One method is to use a terminal program like puTTY to connect to the FortiGate CLI. (A.K.A. The following command is used to trace packets. To minimize the performance impact on your FortiAnalyzer unit, use packet capture only during periods of minimal traffic, with a serial console CLI connection rather than a Telnet or SSH CLI connection, and be sure to stop the command when you are finished. So to me, if you cannot do a packet capture, you are at a huge disadvantage. We then see if egress port1which is my AT&T Gigapower circuit. Because the filter does not specify either host as the source or destination in the IP header (src or dst), the sniffer captures both forward and reply traffic. For example, PC2 may be down and not responding to the FortiGate ARP requests. The following example captures packets traffic on TCP port 80 (typically HTTP) between two hosts, 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2. diagnose sniffer packet <interface> "<options>" <verbosity level> <count> <timestamp format>. Packet capture output is printed to your CLI display until you stop it by pressing CTRL+C, or until it reaches the number of packets that you have specified to capture. Packet capture on FortiADC appliances is similar to that of FortiGate appliances. '[[src|dst] host { | }] [and|or] [[src|dst] host { | }] [and|or] [[arp|ip|gre|esp|udp|tcp] port ] [and|or] [[arp|ip|gre|esp|udp|tcp] port ]'. And always remember When in doubt, sniff it out, Have you ever installed a Windows server to do Full Story, Why would you need to export the private key Full Story, I had a customer that installed a wildcard certificate Full Story, 2021 InfoSec Monkey | Design by Fitser, Quick-Tip : Debugging IPsec VPN on FortiGate Firewalls. Packet capture output appears on your CLI display until you stop it by pressing Ctrl+C, or until it reaches the number of packets that you have specified to capture. Open the packet capture file using a plain text editor such as Notepad++. 192.168.0.2.3625 -> 192.168.0.1.80: syn 2057246590, 192.168.0.1.80 -> 192.168.0.2.3625: syn 3291168205 ack 2057246591, 192.168.0.2.3625 -> 192.168.0.1.80: ack 3291168206, 192.168.0.2.3625 -> 192.168.0.1.80: psh 2057246591 ack 3291168206, 192.168.0.1.80 -> 192.168.0.2.3625: ack 2057247265, Using the FortiOS built-in packet sniffer. Separate multiple ports with commas. The sniffer then confirms that five packets were seen by that network interface. You can combine the filters we learned here and mix and match them. '[[src|dst] host { | }] [and|or] [[src|dst] host { | }] [and|or] [[arp|ip|gre|esp|udp|tcp] port ] [and|or] [[arp|ip|gre|esp|udp|tcp] port ]'. Separate multiple protocols with commas. This is much easier to troubleshoot because we do not need to collect unnecessary packets. Now in this output, you will see the that we are seeing the inand the outsince the destination IP stays the same preand postNAT. Enter one or more protocols. For example, you could use PuTTY or Microsoft HyperTerminal to save the sniffer output. A dialog appears where you can configure PuTTY to save output to a plain text file. This is helpful when you want to see traffic from a particular set of hosts. The name of the interface to sniff, such as port1 or internal. A large amount of data may scroll by and you will not be able to see it without saving it first. If you have not specified a number of packets to capture, when you have captured all packets that you want to analyze, press. FortiAnalyzer units have a built-in sniffer. Packet Capture. Press Enter to send the CLI command to the FortiMail unit, beginning packet capture. FortiGate / FortiOS; FortiGate 5000; FortiGate 6000; FortiGate 7000; FortiProxy; NOC & SOC Management Delete the first and last lines, which look like this: Convert the plain text file to a format recognizable by your network protocol analyzer application. To minimize the performance impact on your FortiMail unit, use packet capture only during periods of minimal traffic, with a serial console CLI connection rather than a Telnet or SSH CLI connection, and be sure to stop the command when you are finished. To minimize the performance impact on your, type of service/differentiated services code point (. Solution. FortiAnalyzer# diag sniffer packet port1 none 1 3, 0.918957 192.168.0.1.36701 -> 192.168.0.2.22: ack 2598697710, 0.919024 192.168.0.2.22 -> 192.168.0.1.36701: psh 2598697710 ack 2587945850, 0.919061 192.168.0.2.22 -> 192.168.0.1.36701: psh 2598697826 ack 2587945850. This can also be any to sniff all interfaces. As you can see in the screenshot above, we can see the packet coming infrom the FDZ-OFF which is my SSID at home. Once the packet sniffing count is reached, you can end the session and analyze the output in the file. When you are running a capture and are not seeing what you are expecting to see, you may need to disable the offloading on that particular policy. For example, to display UDP port 1812 traffic between 1.example.com and either 2.example.com or 3.example.com, you would enter: 'udp and port 1812 and src host 1.example.com and dst \(2.example.com or 2.example.com \)'. To download fgt2eth.pl, see the Fortinet Knowledge Base article Using the FortiOS built-in packet sniffer. Open the converted file in your network protocol analyzer application. Commands that you would type are highlighted in bold; responses from the FortiADC appliance are not bolded. You can select the filter and start capturing packets. Because port 22 is used (highlighted above in bold), which is the standard port number for SSH, the packets might be from an SSH session. By recording packets, you can trace connection states to the exact point at which they fail, which may help you to diagnose some types of problems that are otherwise difficult to detect. The following commands will report packets on any interface that are traveling between a computer with the host name of PC1 and a computer with the host name of PC2. The general form of the internal FortiOS packet sniffer command is: diagnose sniffer packet <interface_name> <'filter'> <verbose> <count> <tsformat>. Head_Office_620b # diagnose sniffer packet port1 none 1 3, 0.545306 172.20.120.17.52989 -> 172.20.120.141.443: psh 3177924955 ack 1854307757, 0.545963 172.20.120.141.443 -> 172.20.120.17.52989: psh 1854307757 ack 3177925808, 0.562409 172.20.120.17.52988 -> 172.20.120.141.443: psh 4225311614 ack 3314279933. Use this feature to capture non-IP based packets. The following example captures three packets of traffic from any port number or protocol and between any source and destination (a filter of none), which passes through the network interface named port1. The capture uses a low level of verbosity (indicated by, FortiADC# diagnose sniffer packet port1 'host 192.168.0.2 or host 192.168.0.1 and tcp port 80' 1. Connecting FortiExplorer to a FortiGate via WiFi, Zero touch provisioning with FortiManager, Configuring the root FortiGate and downstream FortiGates, Configuring other Security Fabric devices, Viewing and controlling network risks via topology view, Leveraging LLDP to simplify Security Fabric negotiation, Configuring the Security Fabric with SAML, Configuring single-sign-on in the Security Fabric, Configuring the root FortiGate as the IdP, Configuring a downstream FortiGate as an SP, Verifying the single-sign-on configuration, Navigating between Security Fabric members with SSO, Advanced option - unique SAMLattribute types, OpenStack (Horizon)SDN connector with domain filter, ClearPass endpoint connector via FortiManager, Support for wildcard SDN connectors in filter configurations, External Block List (Threat Feed) Policy, External Block List (Threat Feed) - Authentication, External Block List (Threat Feed)- File Hashes, Execute a CLI script based on CPU and memory thresholds, Viewing a summary of all connected FortiGates in a Security Fabric, Supported views for different log sources, Virtual switch support for FortiGate 300E series, Failure detection for aggregate and redundant interfaces, Restricted SaaS access (Office 365, G Suite, Dropbox), IP address assignment with relay agent information option, Static application steering with a manual strategy, Dynamic application steering with lowest cost and best quality strategies, Per-link controls for policies and SLA checks, DSCP tag-based traffic steering in SD-WAN, SDN dynamic connector addresses in SD-WAN rules, Forward error correction on VPN overlay networks, Controlling traffic with BGP route mapping and service rules, Applying BGP route-map to multiple BGP neighbors, Enable dynamic connector addresses in SD-WAN policies, Configuring the VPN overlay between the HQ FortiGate and cloud FortiGate-VM, Configuring the VPN overlay between the HQ FortiGate and AWS native VPN gateway, Configuring the VIP to access the remote servers, Configuring the SD-WAN to steer traffic between the overlays, Configuring SD-WAN in an HA cluster using internal hardware switches, Associating a FortiToken to an administrator account, Downgrading to a previous firmware version, Setting the administrator password retries and lockout time, Controlling return path with auxiliary session, FGSP (session synchronization) peer setup, Synchronizing sessions between FGCP clusters, Using standalone configuration synchronization, Out-of-band management with reserved management interfaces, HA using a hardware switch to replace a physical switch, FortiGuard third party SSL validation and anycast support, Procure and import a signed SSL certificate, Provision a trusted certificate with Let's Encrypt, NGFW policy mode application default service, Using extension Internet Service in policy, Enabling advanced policy options in the GUI, Recognize anycast addresses in geo-IP blocking, HTTP to HTTPS redirect for load balancing, Use active directory objects directly in policies, FortiGate Cloud / FDNcommunication through an explicit proxy, ClearPass integration for dynamic address objects, Using wildcard FQDN addresses in firewall policies, Changing traffic shaper bandwidth unit of measurement, Type of Service-based prioritization and policy-based traffic shaping, QoS assignment and rate limiting for quarantined VLANs, Content disarm and reconstruction for antivirus, FortiGuard outbreak prevention for antivirus, External malware block list for antivirus, Using FortiSandbox appliance with antivirus, How to configure and apply a DNS filter profile, FortiGuard category-based DNS domain filtering, Protecting a server running web applications, Inspection mode differences for antivirus, Inspection mode differences for data leak prevention, Inspection mode differences for email filter, Inspection mode differences for web filter, Blocking unwanted IKE negotiations and ESP packets with a local-in policy, Basic site-to-site VPN with pre-shared key, Site-to-site VPN with digital certificate, Site-to-site VPN with overlapping subnets, IKEv2 IPsec site-to-site VPN to an AWS VPN gateway, IPsec VPN to Azure with virtual network gateway, IPSec VPN between a FortiGate and a Cisco ASA with multiple subnets, Add FortiToken multi-factor authentication, Dialup IPsec VPN with certificate authentication, OSPF with IPsec VPN for network redundancy, IPsec aggregate for redundancy and traffic load-balancing, Per packet distribution and tunnel aggregation, Hub-spoke OCVPN with inter-overlay source NAT, IPsec VPN wizard hub-and-spoke ADVPN support, Fragmenting IP packets before IPsec encapsulation, Set up FortiToken multi-factor authentication, Connecting from FortiClient with FortiToken, SSL VPN with LDAP-integrated certificate authentication, SSL VPN for remote users with MFA and user case sensitivity, SSL VPN with FortiToken mobile push authentication, SSL VPN with RADIUS on FortiAuthenticator, SSL VPN with RADIUS and FortiToken mobile push on FortiAuthenticator, SSL VPN with RADIUS password renew on FortiAuthenticator, Dynamic address support for SSL VPN policies, Running a file system check automatically, FortiGuard distribution of updated Apple certificates, FSSO polling connector agent installation, Enabling Active Directory recursive search, Configuring LDAP dial-in using a member attribute, Configuring least privileges for LDAP admin account authentication in Active Directory, Activating FortiToken Mobile on a Mobile Phone, Configuring the maximum log in attempts and lockout period, FortiLink auto network configuration policy, Standalone FortiGate as switch controller, Multiple FortiSwitches managed via hardware/software switch, Multiple FortiSwitches in tiers via aggregate interface with redundant link enabled, Multiple FortiSwitches in tiers via aggregate interface with MCLAG enabled only on distribution, HA (A-P) mode FortiGate pairs as switch controller, Multiple FortiSwitches in tiers via aggregate interface with MCLAG enabled on all tiers, MAC layer control - Sticky MAC and MAC Learning-limit, Dynamic VLAN name assignment from RADIUS attribute, Supported log types to FortiAnalyzer, FortiAnalyzer Cloud, FortiGate Cloud, and syslog, Configuring multiple FortiAnalyzers on a multi-VDOM FortiGate, Configuring multiple FortiAnalyzers (or syslog servers) per VDOM, Backing up log files or dumping log messages, Troubleshooting CPU and network resources, Verifying routing table contents in NAT mode, Verifying the correct route is being used, Verifying the correct firewall policy is being used, Checking the bridging information in transparent mode, Performing a sniffer trace (CLI and packet capture), Displaying detail Hardware NIC information, Troubleshooting process for FortiGuard updates. # diagnose sniffer packet any 'net 1.1.1.0/24 and net 2.2.2.0/24' 4 0 l. FortiADC# diagnose sniffer packet port1 'host 192.168.0.2 or host 192.168.0.1 and tcp port 80' 1. 1) Download the fgt2eth.exe (For Windows Users) . Enter the IP address of one or more hosts. # diagnose sniffer packet any "(ether[6:4]=0x00090f89) and (ether[10:2]=0x10ea)" . FortiADC # diagnose sniffer packet port1 'host 192.168..2 or host 192.168..1 and tcp port 80' 1. Network Security. As a result, the packet capture continues until the administrator presses CTRL + C. The sniffer then confirms that five packets were seen by that network interface. To display only forward or only reply packets, indicate which host is the source, and which is the destination. Packet capture on FortiADC appliances is similar to that of FortiGate appliances. The following CLI command for a sniffer includes the ARP protocol in the filter which may be useful to troubleshoot a failure in the ARP resolution. diagnose sniffer packet - this is the base command interface - You can either choose the interface specifically or use the keyword any options - here you can filter the capture by IP, protocol . Type the packet capture command, such as: diagnose sniffer packet port1 'tcp port 541' 3 100 . When troubleshooting networks . Part of successfully troubleshooting is learning packet capture. Type the name of a network interface whose packets you want to capture, such as port1, or type any to capture packets on all network interfaces. FortiADC-VM # diagnose sniffer packet port1 none 1 3, 0.000000 172.30.144.20.53800 -> 172.30.144.100.22: ack 202368347. The following example captures packets traffic on TCP port 80 (typically HTTP) between two hosts, 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2. GitHub Gist: instantly share code, notes, and snippets. If you are familiar with the TCP protocol, you might notice that the packets are from the middle of a TCP connection. The capture uses a high level of verbosity (indicated by3). Example of network as a filter: First filter: Sniff from two networks. Packet capture, also known as sniffing or packet analysis, records some or all of the packets seen by a network interface (that is, the network interface is used in promiscuous mode). If you do not specify a number, the command will continue to capture packets until you press Control +C. The following example captures the first three packets worth of traffic, of any port number or protocol and between any source and destination (a filter of none), that passes through the network interface named port1. The level of verbosity as one of:1 - print header of packets2 - print header and data from IP of packets3 - print header and data from Ethernet of packets4 - print header of packets with interface name. diagnose sniffer packet . Once they get the information, I usually do not hear from them again and things just start working. Description This article describes one of the troubleshooting options available in FortiGate CLI to check the traffic flow, by capturing packets . The general form of the internal FortiOS packet sniffer command is: diagnose sniffer packet . You can halt the capturing before this number is reached. You can download the *.pcap file when the packet capture is complete. This number cannot be zero. Packet capture is displayed on the CLI, which you may be able to save to a file for later analysis, depending on your CLI client. The second example shows 2which corresponds to Swhich is the SYN flag. You can convert the plain text file to a format (.pcap) recognizable by Wireshark using the fgt2eth.pl Perl script. Surround the filter string in quotes. To display only the traffic between two hosts, specify the IP addresses of both hosts. The fgt2eth.pl script is provided as-is, without any implied warranty or technical support, and requires that you first install a Perl module compatible with your operating system. As a result, the packet capture continues until the administrator presses Ctrl+C. To minimize the performance impact on your FortiADC appliance, use packet capture only during periods of minimal traffic, with a local console CLI connection rather than a Telnet or SSH CLI connection, and be sure to stop the command when you are finished. dia sniffer packet any "tcp[13] & 4 != 0", Here is an example of capturing packets that match the SYN (SYNchronization) For example, to display UDP port 1812 traffic between 1.example.com and either 2.example.com or 3.example.com, you would enter: 'udp and port 1812 and src host 1.example.com and dst \(2.example.com or 2.example.com \)'. A specific number of packets to capture is not specified. Now we are going to add some options so we can see how those command look. its on. On your management computer, start PuTTY. Similarly, to download the *.pcap file, use the download symbol on the screen. Here are some examples. 2) Save this fgt2eth.exe on a specific folder. As a result, the packet capture continues until the administrator presses Ctrl+C. So as an example, If I am pinging 3.210.115.14from 10.1.105.3but then from 10.1.105.3I start to ping 4.2.2.2that will also be picked up since I am capturing any ICMP from or to any of those two hosts. Use this command to perform a packet trace on one or more network interfaces. Before you start sniffing packets, you should prepare to capture the output to a file. FortiADC appliances have a built-in sniffer. In the above example, I am looking for ONLY ICMP traffic. . Usefull Fortigate CLI commands. Type either none to capture all packets, or type a filter that specifies which protocols and port numbers that you do or do not want to capture, such as 'tcp port 25'. Type the packet capture command, such as: In the upper left corner of the window, click the PuTTY icon to open its drop-down menu, then select. If 0 or no value is defined, unlimited packets will be capture until ctrl+c is . It is not complete nor very detailled, but provides the basic commands for troubleshooting network related issues that are not resolvable via the GUI. Type the packet capture command, such as: diagnose sniffer packet port1 'tcp port 541' 3 100 . The capture uses a low level of verbosity (indicated by 1). Resources. This article describes how the output of the 'diag sniff packet' command can be imported into Wireshark. The capture uses a low level of verbosity (indicated by 1). With the keyword srcwe are now saying that ONLY packets that are ICMP and are Sourced from 10.1.105.3 will be captured. To stop the sniffer, type CTRL+C. FGT# diagnose sniffer packet any "host <PC1> or host <PC2> or arp" 4 . Fortigate 500D, FortiOS 6.0.3how to troublshoot your traffic through fortigate with sniffer commands The capture uses a low level of verbosity (indicated by 1). Enter one or more VLANs (if any). Now lets get laser focussed. By recording packets, you can trace connection states to the exact point at which they fail, which may help you to diagnose some types of problems that are otherwise difficult to detect. These symbols are the same as those used for audio or video playback. In my lab, I have a lot of ICMP traffic so I will filter it further and only choose to capture packets destined to 3.210.115.14 (fortinet.com), diag sniffer packet any "host 3.210.115.14 and icmp" 4 l 0. When you troubleshoot networks and routing in particular, it helps to look inside the headers of packets to determine if they are traveling the route that you expect them to take. Sniff is a useful command when debugging routing problems. Note: It will ONLY show the outbound traffic since you specified srcand once it gets source NATd, it will no longer match the filter. To display only forward or reply packets, indicate which host is the source, and which is the destination. The following example captures packets traffic on TCP port 80 (typically HTTP) between two hosts, 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2. The sniffer then confirms that five packets were seen by that network interface. Packet capture can be very resource intensive. To display only the traffic between two hosts, specify the IP addresses of both hosts. Saving the output provides several advantages. Type the number of packets to capture before stopping. You must select one interface. Although I am using ICMPas the protocol, you CAN choose to use TCP or UDP as well. One method is to use a terminal program like puTTY to connect to the FortiGate CLI. 3 All of the output from 2, plus the the link layer (Ethernet) header. FortiADC appliances have a built-in sniffer. This displays the next three packets on the port1 interface using no filtering, and verbose level 1. At this verbosity level, you can see the source IP and port, the destination IP and port, action (such as ack), and sequence numbers. Lets look at an example. To enter a range, use a dash without spaces. 3) Then access to the unit using putty or any other ssh application. In this example the test unit is continuously pinging 8.8.8.8. To display only the traffic between two hosts, specify the IP addresses of both hosts. To enter a range, use a dash without spaces. To view packet capture output using PuTTY and Wireshark: On your management computer, start PuTTY. Below is a sample output. The sniffer then confirms that five packets were seen by that network interface. We can use the ( )parentheses to combine and then use the AND to combine them. A specific number of packets to capture is not specified. Select this option if you are troubleshooting IPv6 networking, or if your network uses IPv6. When you add a packet capture filter, enter the following information and click OK. <count> <----- The number of packets to capture. Similar to mathematics, there is an order of operation. Use PuTTY to connect to the Fortinet appliance using either a local serial console, SSH, or Telnet connection. Otherwise, leave it disabled. Type the number of packets to capture before stopping. Enter the number of packets to capture before the filter stops. sniffing the traffic for host 11.11.11.9 in the VLAN interface 'vlan206', the command would be: # diag sniffer . What to look for in the information the sniffer reads. Once the packet sniffing count is reached, you can end the session and analyze the output in the file. This tool provides you with extensive analytics and the full contents of the packets that were captured. In this Not-So Quick-Tip, I am going to cover diag sniffer packet. In the output below, port 443 indicates these are HTTPS packets and that 172.20.120.17 is both sending and receiving traffic. The protocols in the list are all IP based except for ICMP (ping). If you do not specify a number, the command will continue to capture packets until you press Ctrl+C. diagnose sniffer packet [{any| } [{none| ''} [{1 | 2 | 3} []]]]. diag sniffer packet any "src 10.1.105.3 and icmp" 4 l 0. Packet capture, also known as sniffing or packet analysis, records some or all of the packets seen by a network interface (that is, the network interface is used in promiscuous mode). diagnose sniffer packet port1 'tcp port 541' 3 100. Use this command to perform a packet trace on one or more network interfaces. Packet capture output appears on your CLI display until you stop it by pressing Ctrl+C, or until it reaches the number of packets that you have specified to capture. Instead of reading packet capture output directly in your CLI display, you usually should save the output to a plain text file using your CLI client. If you omit this and the following parameters for the command, the command captures all packets on all network interfaces. For example, 172.16.1.5-172.16.1.15, or enter a subnet. The number of packets the sniffer reads before stopping. Sniffer Command. dia sniffer packet any "tcp[13] = 18". but do not press Enter yet. If you do not specify a number, the command will continue to capture packets until you press Ctrl+C. Use PuTTY to connect to the Fortinet appliance using either a local serial console, SSH, or Telnet connection. You can also see the filter status and the number of packets captured. For further instructions, see the documentation for that application. For FortiGates with NP2, NP4, or NP6 interfaces that are offloading traffic, disable offloading on these interfaces before you perform a trace or it will change the sniffer trace. FGT# diagnose sniffer packet any "host or host " 4, FGT# diagnose sniffer packet any "(host or host ) and icmp" 4. Below is a sample output. Because port 22 is used (highlighted above in bold), which is the standard port number for SSH, the packets might be from an SSH session. If you select a filter, you have the option to start and stop packet capture in the edit window, or download the captured packets. Separate multiple hosts with commas. SSH. Select the interface to sniff from the drop-down menu. So the first thing to note is that since FortiGate is such and amazing platform (I know I am biased) and has the advent of ASICs, by default, we do not see the packets that are getting offloaded to the SOC and NOC ASICs. Examples of non-IP packets include IPsec, IGMP, ARP, and ICMP. Packet sniffing is also known as network tap, packet capture, or logic analyzing. '[[src|dst] host { | }] [and|or] [[src|dst] host { | }] [and|or] [[arp|ip|gre|esp|udp|tcp] port ] [and|or] [[arp|ip|gre|esp|udp|tcp] port ]'. So you see the packet coming in with a 10.1.105.3 IP address which is what DHCP gave my MacBook Pro. A mnemonic sometimes used to remember the TCP Flags is, Unskilled Attackers Pester Real Security Folks, Here is an example of capturing packets that match the RST (Reset) Copyright 2018 Fortinet, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 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